Answer: humanism which means also religious tolerance (Erasmus), protestant religious thinking (Luther, Melanchton, Calvin, Zwingly), renaissance utopian thought (Bacon, Thomas Moore), medicine-astrology-alchemy (Paracelsus), new science (new methodology which does not depend on ecclesiastical authorities like Aristotle and St. Thomas Aquinus but investigates nature ....Bacon: Novum Organon).
Explanation: Northern renaissance is much more inventive in terms of science and scientific metholodogy than the south. Universities are reformed.