Answer:
The correct answer is a. divergent evolution.
Step-by-step explanation:
Divergent evolution leads to the evolution of different species which becomes dissimilar to each other due to evolutionary change. The change may occur due to change in their environment and niche. Species originated from divergent evolution have the same common ancestor.
Divergent evolution results in homologous structures for example animals like mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians are evolved from a common ancestor and have homologous structure as 5 digits pentadactyle limbs.
So humans also have 5 digits pentadactyle limbs and elephants also have 5 digits pentadactyle limbs which is an example of divergent evolution.
Therefore, the correct answer is a. divergent evolution .