Question

Which of the following statements does not highlight a difference in eukaryotic and prokaryotic translation?

a. the first methionine in eukaryotic translation contains a formyl group
b. in eukaryotes, mRNA is made in the nucleus but translated in the cytoplasm
c. prokaryotes often couple transcription and translation, forming a polysome
d. eukaryotic mRNA does not have Shine-Dalgarno sequence, but prokaryotic mRNA does
e. many eukaryotic proteins are chemically modified after translation, which is a much rarer phenomenon in prokaryotes

Answer 1

The correct answer is a and e.

Step-by-step explanation:

Translation is the process by which mRNA is translated into proteins. It occurs in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In prokaryotes, transcription and translation occur simultaneously while in eukaryotes translation is a separate process occurs in the cytoplasm after transcription.

The first amino acid incorporated in the polypeptide is methionine in eukaryotes and formyl methionine in prokaryotes. After protein synthesis in both eukaryotes in prokaryotes, post-translational takes place like glycosylation, acetylation, alkylation, etc.

Post translation is important for proteins to provide them heterogeneity and functional activity. Thus, the correct answer is a. the first methionine in eukaryotic translation contains a formyl group and e. many eukaryotic proteins are chemically modified after translation, which is a much rarer phenomenon in prokaryotes.