Answer: 
The correct answer is option - D. phosphorylation. 
Explanation: 
The CARD11 or caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 11 is a gene that provides instructions for gene expressing to make a protein in the function of lymphocytes in the immune system. Lymphocytes like B and T cells are activated with the help of cascade reactions in which these genes provide information. 
The protein that activates is PKC which is a kinase enzyme that implicates that the process that activates CARD11 is phosphorylation. 
Thus, the correct answer is option - d - phosphorylation.