Question

Many planets in our solar system contain organic chemicals including methane (CH4 ) and traces of ethylene (C2H4 ), ethane (C2H6 ), propyne (H3CCCH), and diacetylene (HCCCCH). Write the Lewis structures for each of these molecules.

Answer 1

Step-by-step explanation:

Methane (CH₄)

Valence electrons of carbon = 4

Valence electrons of hydrogen = 1

The total number of the valence electrons = 4 + 4(1) = 8

The Lewis structure is drawn in such a way that the octet of each atom and duet for the hydrogen in the molecule is complete. So,

The Lewis structure is:

H

:

H : C : H

:

H

Ethylene (C₂H₄)

Valence electrons of carbon = 4

Valence electrons of hydrogen = 1

The total number of the valence electrons = 2(4) + 4(1) = 12

The Lewis structure is drawn in such a way that the octet of each atom and duet for the hydrogen in the molecule is complete. So,

H H

: :

C : : C

: :

H H

Ethane (C₂H₆)

Valence electrons of carbon = 4

Valence electrons of hydrogen = 1

The total number of the valence electrons = 2(4) + 6(1) = 14

The Lewis structure is drawn in such a way that the octet of each atom and duet for the hydrogen in the molecule is complete. So,

H H

: :

H : C : C : H

: :

H H

Propyne (H₃CCCH)

Valence electrons of carbon = 4

Valence electrons of hydrogen = 1

The total number of the valence electrons = 3(4) + 4(1) = 16

The Lewis structure is drawn in such a way that the octet of each atom and duet for the hydrogen in the molecule is complete. So,

H

:

H : C : C : : : C : H

:

H

Diacetylene (HCCCCH)

Valence electrons of carbon = 4

Valence electrons of hydrogen = 1

The total number of the valence electrons = 4(4) + 2(1) = 18

The Lewis structure is drawn in such a way that the octet of each atom and duet for the hydrogen in the molecule is complete. So,

H : C : : : C : C : : : C : H