The Chambri people (or Tchambuli), are an ethnic group in Papua New Guinea. They have been the object of many sociological studies, but it was Margaret Mead who made them most known in her book Sex and temperament in three primitive societies, in which she showed that females had relevant, and most importantly, dominant roles, in their society. This study became one of the most important pieces of research on which the female´s liberation movement based itself during the 20th century.